Concrete



1. DEFINITIONS AND IMAGES OF SPACES. ** --Concrete liquid mixture with water -- --Solid concrete structure: Filler (stones) and binder-- **
 * __ Concrete: __** // is a manufactured mixture of cement and water, with aggregates of sand and stones, which hardens rapidly by chemical combination to a stonelike, water-and-fire-resisting solid of great compressive but low tensile strength . //

**__Reinforced concrete__** : //Is a material //// developed to add the tensile strength of steel to the compressive strength of mass concrete, where the metal is embedded by being set as a mesh into the forms before pouring, and in the hardened material the two act uniformly. It was invented (1849) by Joseph Monier, who received a patent in 1867. // **-- Steel mesh for reinforced concrete-- --Hangars made with reinforced concrete (Orvieto, Italy)--** **-- Concrete Shells, Sydney Opera (Australia) --**  **-- Precast concrete items --** **__ Prestressed concrete: __** // Is a development that // //provides bearing members into which reinforcement is set under tension to produce a live force to resist a particular load. Since the member acts like a spring, it can carry a greater load than an unstressed member of the same size.// **-- Bridges and nuclear reactors are made with prestressed concrete --**
 * __ Concrete-shell construction: __** //Is a technique which // // permits the erection of big vaults and domes with a concrete and steel content, with a reduced tickness. //
 * __ Precast-concrete construction: __** // This is a construction technique that // //employs bricks, slabs, and supports made under optimal factory conditions to increase waterproofing and solidity, to decrease time and cost in erection, and to reduce expansion and contractions.//

**2. QUESTION: What is the difference between tiltwall construction, tilt-up panel construction and pre-cast concrete construction?**

<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive;">//There is no difference between tiltwall construction and tilt-up wall construction, because they are two terms for the same process. In this process, the walls are made directly at the job site, tilting the slabs of concrete, called panels, around the building slab. By this, transportation is not necessary and there is no limitation onn the shape and size of the panels.

The difference between pre-cast concrete construction and tilt-up wall construction (or tiltwall construction) is that in pre-cast construction the panels are made in a manufacture facility and after transported to the job site. The need of trasnportation limits the shape and the size of the panels, but the fabrication of the panels in a factory avoids weather problems working at the site (rain, wind, cold or hot temperatures)//